There’s nothing quite like taking a dip in the pool on a hot day to cool off. But as a pool owner, it’s your responsibility to maintain your pool to keep it safe for swimming. That’s where knowledge of pool chemistry comes into play.
From the chemicals that go into the pool to keep the water clean and prevent algae buildup, to understanding how to keep your pool at the proper pH, there’s a lot that goes into balanced water chemistry. Below, I’ll explain the critical information you need to know to maintain your pool’s chemistry throughout the season. I’ve also written more in-depth articles on specific chemicals and treatments, which I’ve linked to throughout this guide. Let’s get started!
The Chemicals You Need for Your Pool
Chlorine is perhaps the most well-known chemical used in pools—and for good reason. Chlorine is key to keeping your pool water clean and preventing the growth of bacteria and algae. While chlorine is essential, it’s also important to use other chemicals in conjunction with chlorine to maintain balanced water chemistry. Below are some of the most important chemicals you need for your pool:
pH Balancers: pH is a measure of how acidic or basic (alkaline) your pool water is. Maintaining the proper pH level is crucial because it prevents skin and eye irritation, scale formation, and corrosion of metal fixtures. The ideal pH level for a swimming pool is between 7.2 and 7.6. To raise or lower the pH level of your pool water, you can use chemicals such as sodium bicarbonate (to raise pH) or muriatic acid (to lower pH).
Algaecides: Algae can quickly take over your pool if left untreated, making the water unsafe for swimming. Algaecides are chemicals that kill algae and help prevent its growth. There are two main types of algaecides: copper-based algaecides and quaternary ammonium compounds (or “quats”). Copper-based algaecides are effective at killing all types of algae, but they can stain swimsuits, so be sure to follow the manufacturer’s directions carefully when using them. Quats are less likely to stain than copper-based algaecides, but they are not as effective at killing all types of algae.
Water Clarifiers: Water clarifiers help remove particles from the water that make it appear cloudy or dirty. There are two main types of water clarifiers: enzyme clarifiers and flocculants. Enzyme clarifiers work by breaking down oils and organic matter in the water so that they can be removed by the filter. Flocculants cause small particles to clump together so that they can be more easily filtered out of the water.
Shock Treatments: Shock treatments are high-powered chlorine compounds that are used to “shock” or disinfect the pool water when there is a heavy build-up of contaminants such as bacteria, algae, or organic matter. Most shock treatments contain chlorine compounds such as calcium hypochlorite or sodium hypochlorite. Shock treatments should only be used when absolutely necessary because they can irritate eyes and skin and cause bleaching if used too often..
Conclusion:
Maintaining balanced water chemistry is crucial for keeping your pool safe and enjoyable all swim season long. By adding the right mix of chemicals—including chlorine, pH balancers, algaecides, water clarifiers, and shock treatments—you can rest assured knowing that your swimming area is clean and ready for fun in the sun!